KC系列增碳劑
認識增碳劑
增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑作(zuo)為(wei)鐵(tie)(tie)水(shui)(shui)當中(zhong)(zhong)主要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)形核(he)核(he)心來源之一(yi),其(qi)作(zuo)用常(chang)常(chang)被(bei)忽略。實際(ji)上添 加(jia)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)單純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)“增(zeng)C”,而(er)是(shi)為(wei)增(zeng)加(jia)其(qi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)形核(he)核(he)心,使(shi)其(qi)得到更好的(de)(de)(de)基體組織、 機械(xie)性能的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)措施。并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)所有的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑都可以(yi)達到這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)。合格增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產必(bi)須經(jing)過(guo)(guo)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)材,再經(jing)高溫石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)處理(li),過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)單把(ba)硫(liu)、氣(qi)體(氮(dan)、氫(qing)、氧)、灰分(fen)、揮發分(fen)、 水(shui)(shui)分(fen)等雜(za)質(zhi)降(jiang)低,將(jiang)其(qi)純(chun)度提高。使(shi)其(qi)更為(wei)有效地(di)避(bi)免了(le)產生(sheng)氮(dan)氣(qi)孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)亦使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)原(yuan)子(zi)從原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)序(xu)雜(za)亂(luan)排列(lie)變成有序(xu)層狀(zhuang)排列(lie),大部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)原(yuan)子(zi)才(cai)能成為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)驅動(dong)力,其(qi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)被(bei)稱為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)處理(li)。未經(jing)過(guo)(guo)高溫石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑表面覆蓋(gai)一(yi)層很薄的(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)性灰層,使(shi)其(qi)在鐵(tie)(tie)水(shui)(shui)當中(zhong)(zhong)直溶(rong)(rong)現象基本不(bu)(bu)存在,只(zhi)能隨著時(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)推移,碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)在鐵(tie)(tie)液中(zhong)(zhong)逐漸擴(kuo)散溶(rong)(rong)解。增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解時(shi)(shi)間,降(jiang)低了(le)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)收(shou)。只(zhi)有經(jing)過(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑,碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)原(yuan)子(zi)才(cai)可以(yi)在鐵(tie)(tie)液當中(zhong)(zhong)迅速熔(rong)解,并在鐵(tie)(tie)水(shui)(shui)凝固(gu)時(shi)(shi)較強的(de)(de)(de)形核(he)驅動(dong)力作(zuo)用下(xia)吸(xi)附(fu)在孕育(yu)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)形核(he)核(he)心上成長為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。如果(guo)選(xuan)用的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)劑沒(mei)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)高溫石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)處理(li),碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)原(yuan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)驅動(dong)能力就(jiu)大大降(jiang)低,石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)能力減弱,即使(shi)也能達到同(tong)(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)量, 但產品的(de)(de)(de)品質(zhi)完全不(bu)(bu)一(yi)樣。
成(cheng)分(fen)粒(li)度(du)
型號 |
固定碳≥ |
硫份≤ |
灰份≤ |
揮發份≤ |
氮含量≤ |
備注 |
1 |
98.5% |
0.03% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.01% |
適用于高要求優質鑄件 |
2 |
99% |
0.03% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.01% |
適用于高要求優質鑄件 |
3 |
98.5% |
0.05% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.02% |
經高溫長時間石墨化處理 |
4 |
98.5% |
0.05% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.03% |
經高溫石墨化處理 |
5 |
98.5% |
0.1% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.1% |
經高溫石墨化處理 |
6 |
98.5% |
0.3% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.2% |
經高溫石墨化處理 |
速溶
補碳 |
98% |
0.05% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.02% |
適用于電爐鐵水后期碳量微調,1分鐘內能快速熔解和吸收 |
效果
- 增加石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)數(shu)量,細化石(shi)(shi)墨(mo),改善石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)形態,提高產品的機械性能(neng)
- 優質的增碳劑還可(ke)以有(you)效的降(jiang)低鐵液的過冷(leng)度,減少滲碳體的析(xi)出
- 防止或減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)收縮傾(qing)向。由于鐵液凝固過程中具有石墨化膨脹(zhang)的(de)作用(yong), 因此良好(hao)的(de)石墨化會(hui)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)鐵液的(de)收縮傾(qing)向
增碳劑(ji)在合成鑄鐵(tie)生產方面的(de)應(ying)用
生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鐵(tie)中有許多粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)共(gong)晶(jing)石(shi)墨(mo),這種粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)墨(mo)具(ju)有遺(yi)傳性(xing)(xing),熔(rong)(rong)煉溫(wen)度(du)低(di)(di),粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)石(shi)墨(mo)不易(yi)被消除,粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)墨(mo)從液(ye)態遺(yi)傳到了固(gu)態鑄鐵(tie)組織(zhi)中,一方(fang)(fang)面降低(di)(di)鑄鐵(tie)所能(neng)達到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械 性(xing)(xing)能(neng),另一方(fang)(fang)面因(yin)(yin)為粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)石(shi)墨(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai),使(shi)(shi)凝(ning)固(gu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中本(ben)來應該產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)墨(mo)化析出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膨脹作用(yong)(yong)(yong)削弱,使(shi)(shi)鐵(tie)液(ye)凝(ning)固(gu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收縮傾向增(zeng)大(da)(da)(da),另外還會致使(shi)(shi)鑄件在(zai)(zai)后續加(jia)(jia)工過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中粗(cu)(cu)(cu)大(da)(da)(da)石(shi)墨(mo)極(ji)易(yi)脫落,形成(cheng)表面麻點(dian),影(ying)響鑄件表面光潔度(du)。而且生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鐵(tie)當中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜質元素較多。如微量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)TI.P.V,B等,都會對鑄件產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)消極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響,惡化基體組織(zhi)、石(shi)墨(mo)形態。因(yin)(yin)此(ci),在(zai)(zai)電(dian)爐熔(rong)(rong)煉時(shi), 盡(jin)量(liang)降低(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鐵(tie)爐料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)墨(mo)增(zeng)碳劑來保證(zheng)高(gao)碳當量(liang),相對提高(gao)廢(fei)鋼用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)。這樣(yang),在(zai)(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)熔(rong)(rong)煉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)碳劑增(zeng)碳處(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄鐵(tie),在(zai)(zai)鐵(tie)液(ye)中生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)了大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)彌散分(fen)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非均(jun)質結晶(jing)核(he)心,降低(di)(di)了鐵(tie)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)冷度(du),促使(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)以A型石(shi)墨(mo)為主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)墨(mo)組織(zhi);同(tong)時(shi),由(you)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鐵(tie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)少,其遺(yi)傳作用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)為削弱,因(yin)(yin)此(ci)使(shi)(shi)A型石(shi)墨(mo)片分(fen)枝不易(yi)長大(da)(da)(da),從而有利于提高(gao)力學性(xing)(xing)能(neng),減少收縮傾向,改善加(jia)(jia)工性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。以滲碳方(fang)(fang)式獲得優質鐵(tie)液(ye)。與同(tong)樣(yang)成(cheng)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)廢(fei)鋼用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)相比(bi),其力學性(xing)(xing)能(neng)也(ye)要(yao)低(di)(di)半個牌號。因(yin)(yin)此(ci),加(jia)(jia)增(zeng)碳劑熔(rong)(rong)煉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)工藝(yi)比(bi)傳統(tong)上(shang)那(nei)種大(da)(da)(da)比(bi)例的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鐵(tie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)相比(bi)無論從成(cheng)本(ben)還是成(cheng)品性(xing)(xing)能(neng)都要(yao)優越。
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